UNIT 6 / If Conditionals

Conditionals Sentences

If Conditionals contain of :
Zero Conditionals .	1-
First Conditionals .	2-
Second Conditionals .	3-

 

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES ..
Changing + Abbreviation	Examples
It falls down if we throw the ball in the air. It falls down when we throw the ball in the air.   We get orange if we mix red and yellow. We get orange when we mix red and yellow.	Zero Conditional If we throw the ball in the air, it falls down. When we throw the ball in the air, it falls down.   If we mix red and yellow, we get orange. When  we mix red and yellow , we get orange .
I'll stay at home if it rains tomorrow. I'll wear my jacket if it rains tomorrow. I'll take my umbrella if it rains tomorrow .	First Conditional If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home. If it rains tomorrow, I will wear my jacket. If it rains tomorrow, I will take my umbrella.
He'd succeed if he studied hard. I'd fly if I were a bird .	Second Conditional If he studied hard, he would succeed. If I were a bird , I would fly .

 

UNIT 6 / Form , Meaning and Function...

Present Simple ...  (S + V1 + O) 1 /

Examples ..	To describe ...        Used for ..
1- Sami lives in London. They live in Saudi Arabia. 2-	a- Permanent Situations .
1- He wakes up at 7:30 every morning. 2- We read Holy Quran at 7o'clock every day.	b- Repeated Habitual Actions.
1- Water boils at 100ºC. 2- Water freezes at zero degrees.	c- General Truths.

 

Time expression ( signal words )

1- usually, always, often, never. etc .

2- every day, every week, every month, every year. etc .

3- in the morning, morning, on Monday, Monday, spring. etc .

4- at the weekend, a week, a day. etc .

5- once, twice, three times. Etc

 

Present Progressive (Continuous) ... (S +BE + V1 + ING) 2 /

Examples ..	To describe ...    Used for ..
1- I am writing my homework right now. 2- He is talking to his boss right now. 3- We are going to Egypt now  .	a- Actions happening now.
1- I'm staying with my aunt at the moment. 2- She is visiting her aunt these days. 3- They are staying with their friends for a few days.	b- Temporary situations.
1-I'm meeting my sister tomorrow. 2- He is going to the beach at the weekend. 3-They're coming to the party at the weekend.	c- Future arrangements .
1- Air pollution is increasing in our city. 2- The weather is improving.	d- Situations which are changing or development around the present time.

 

Time expression ( signal words )

1- now, at present, at the moment, today, these days. etc .

2- this week, this year, this month. etc .

3- tonight, tomorrow. etc .

4- next week, next month, next year. etc .

 

 

UNIT 6: ( GERUND ) Ing form & Infinitive

UNIT 6

UNIT 6: ( GERUND ) Ing form & Infinitive 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DUeAkc4DgOU

A/ Infinitive form consist of:

1-Full Infinitive:

Examples	Form	Used after verbs
I go to the post office to post some letters .	S + Be + to + infinitive .	1-To express purpose
It is delicious to eat. It was great to see you .	It + verb be + adj + to + infinitive .	2-After  It + be + adjective
At last he was free to do what he wanted .	S + verb be + adjective + to + infinitive .	3- After a certain Adjective :ready, afraid ,surprised, free, happy, sorry.
He is too tired to go jogging today. It isn't warm enough to go to the sea yet .	S + verb be + too + adj + to + infinitive. S + verb be + adj + enough + to + infinitive .	5-Too  and  Enough
I hope to see you soon .	S + verbs + to + infinitive	6- After a Certain verbs: afford, agree, appear, decide, forget, hope, learn, manage, need, offer, plan, promise, refuse, seem, tend, want, would like, etc .
It was Ali who persuaded me to visit you .	S + verbs + object +to + infinitive .	7-After the object of certain verbs : advise , allow , encourage , invent , order , persuade , teach , tell etc.
I don’t know what to do .	S + verb + WH Q + to + infinitive .	8-After WHQ: who, what where, when. why?

 

2- Bare Infinitive:

Examples	Form	Used after verbs
You should start thinking about your future .	S + modal verb + infinitive	1-Modal Verbs
Our teacher made us retake the test.	S + let OR make + infinitive	2-Verbs let and make
I'd rather go to an Italian restaurant tonight .	S + would rather OR had better  + infinitive	3-Wouldrather and had better .

 

B / ING FORM ( GERUND ):

Examples	Used of
Exercising is a good way of keeping fit .	1- As a noun
We often go fishing in the summer .	2-After the verb go indicating physical activities.
Muhammad suggests going to the museum .	3- After certain verbs: avoid, enjoy, finish, like, love, hate, imagine, keep, risk, spend (time), suggest, consider, etc.
It's no use trying to do everything yourself .	4- After certain expressions : be interested in , can't stand , don't mind , how about , it's worth , it's no use , it's no good , there's no point (in) be used to , etc .
I'm no excited about going to university next year	5- After prepositions : for , about , without , etc

 

Some Verbs followed by Full Infinitive & Ing Form:

1-Start, begin, continue, intend. (no difference in meaning)

2- try, remember, forget, regret, stop. (different in meaning)

 

Ing Form	To Infinitive
Remember + ing form. Remember something  that has already happened. e.g. I remember visiting Paris 2004.	1-Remember + full infinitive. Remember something before going it. e.g. Did you remember to lock the door before you left ?
Forget + ing form. Forget something that has already happened. e.g. I’ll never forget visiting India.	2-Forget + full infinitive.  Forget something you are supposed to do. e.g. Tome forgot to tell you that he was going away for the weekend.