Passive voice I & II …. Third year .. Traveller 6..

 Passive voice I & II .. Module 2 .. Unit 3

: to emphasize an action rather than who or what is responsible for it …Usage

: verb BE + Past Participle (V3)Formation

                             Active:    1 + 2 + 3         /         Passive:    3 + Be + 2 + by + 1   Rule:

Passive	Active	Tenses
O + Be + V3 + by + S	S + V1 + O	Present Simple
e.g. The town is destroyed by the earthquake.	e.g. The earthquake destroys the town .
O + Be + V3 + by + S	S + V2 + O	Past Simple
e.g. The town was destroyed by the earthquake .	e.g. The earthquake destroyed the town.
O + Will be + V3 + by + S	S + Will  + V1 + O	Future Will
e.g. an email will be sent by him .	e.g. He will send an email .
O + Be + going to + be + V3 + by + S	S + Be + Going to + V1	Future going to
e.g. an email is going to be sent by him .	e.g. He is going to send an email .
O + must be + V3 + by + S	S + Modal verbs  + V1	Modal Verbs
e.g. an email must be sent by him .	e.g. He must send an email .
O + have or has + been + V3 + by + S	S + have or has + V3 + O	Present Perfect Simple
Many schools have been built by the government .	e.g. The government has built many schools in recent years.
O + had + been + V3 + by + S	S + had + V3 + O	Past Perfect Simple
Many schools had been built by the government .	e.g. The government had built many schools in recent years.
O + will + have + been + V3 + by + S	S +  will + have  + V3 + O	Future Perfect Simple
Many schools will have been built by the government .	e.g. The government will has built many schools in recent years.

O + Be + being + V3 + by + S	S + Be + verb + ing + O BE ( is / are / am )	Present Progressive
e.g. Anew school is being built by them .	e.g. They are building a new school .
O + Be + being + V3 + by + S	S + Be + verb + ing + O BE ( was / were )	Past Progressive
e.g. A story was being written by him .	e.g. He was writing a story .
O + hate + being + V3	S + hate + verb + ing + O Verbs of emotions )) Like, dislike, love, hate, want, need, prefer. etc.	Ing Form
e.g.  I hate being stared at .	e.g. I hate people staring at me .
O + need + to + be + V3+ by +S	S + need + to + V1 + O ( V1 + full infinitive )	Present Infinitive
e.g. This work needs to be finished by them .	e.g. They need to finish this work .
O + could + have + been + V3 + by + S	S + could + have + V1 ( Bare infinitive + have )	Perfect Infinitive
e.g. The tickets could have been bought by him .	e.g. He could have bought the tickets earlier .