UNIT 6 / Form , Meaning and Function...

Present Simple ...  (S + V1 + O) 1 /

Examples ..	To describe ...        Used for ..
1- Sami lives in London. They live in Saudi Arabia. 2-	a- Permanent Situations .
1- He wakes up at 7:30 every morning. 2- We read Holy Quran at 7o'clock every day.	b- Repeated Habitual Actions.
1- Water boils at 100ºC. 2- Water freezes at zero degrees.	c- General Truths.

 

Time expression ( signal words )

1- usually, always, often, never. etc .

2- every day, every week, every month, every year. etc .

3- in the morning, morning, on Monday, Monday, spring. etc .

4- at the weekend, a week, a day. etc .

5- once, twice, three times. Etc

 

Present Progressive (Continuous) ... (S +BE + V1 + ING) 2 /

Examples ..	To describe ...    Used for ..
1- I am writing my homework right now. 2- He is talking to his boss right now. 3- We are going to Egypt now  .	a- Actions happening now.
1- I'm staying with my aunt at the moment. 2- She is visiting her aunt these days. 3- They are staying with their friends for a few days.	b- Temporary situations.
1-I'm meeting my sister tomorrow. 2- He is going to the beach at the weekend. 3-They're coming to the party at the weekend.	c- Future arrangements .
1- Air pollution is increasing in our city. 2- The weather is improving.	d- Situations which are changing or development around the present time.

 

Time expression ( signal words )

1- now, at present, at the moment, today, these days. etc .

2- this week, this year, this month. etc .

3- tonight, tomorrow. etc .

4- next week, next month, next year. etc .

 

 

UNIT 6: ( GERUND ) Ing form & Infinitive

UNIT 6

UNIT 6: ( GERUND ) Ing form & Infinitive 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DUeAkc4DgOU

A/ Infinitive form consist of:

1-Full Infinitive:

Examples	Form	Used after verbs
I go to the post office to post some letters .	S + Be + to + infinitive .	1-To express purpose
It is delicious to eat. It was great to see you .	It + verb be + adj + to + infinitive .	2-After  It + be + adjective
At last he was free to do what he wanted .	S + verb be + adjective + to + infinitive .	3- After a certain Adjective :ready, afraid ,surprised, free, happy, sorry.
He is too tired to go jogging today. It isn't warm enough to go to the sea yet .	S + verb be + too + adj + to + infinitive. S + verb be + adj + enough + to + infinitive .	5-Too  and  Enough
I hope to see you soon .	S + verbs + to + infinitive	6- After a Certain verbs: afford, agree, appear, decide, forget, hope, learn, manage, need, offer, plan, promise, refuse, seem, tend, want, would like, etc .
It was Ali who persuaded me to visit you .	S + verbs + object +to + infinitive .	7-After the object of certain verbs : advise , allow , encourage , invent , order , persuade , teach , tell etc.
I don’t know what to do .	S + verb + WH Q + to + infinitive .	8-After WHQ: who, what where, when. why?

 

2- Bare Infinitive:

Examples	Form	Used after verbs
You should start thinking about your future .	S + modal verb + infinitive	1-Modal Verbs
Our teacher made us retake the test.	S + let OR make + infinitive	2-Verbs let and make
I'd rather go to an Italian restaurant tonight .	S + would rather OR had better  + infinitive	3-Wouldrather and had better .

 

B / ING FORM ( GERUND ):

Examples	Used of
Exercising is a good way of keeping fit .	1- As a noun
We often go fishing in the summer .	2-After the verb go indicating physical activities.
Muhammad suggests going to the museum .	3- After certain verbs: avoid, enjoy, finish, like, love, hate, imagine, keep, risk, spend (time), suggest, consider, etc.
It's no use trying to do everything yourself .	4- After certain expressions : be interested in , can't stand , don't mind , how about , it's worth , it's no use , it's no good , there's no point (in) be used to , etc .
I'm no excited about going to university next year	5- After prepositions : for , about , without , etc

 

Some Verbs followed by Full Infinitive & Ing Form:

1-Start, begin, continue, intend. (no difference in meaning)

2- try, remember, forget, regret, stop. (different in meaning)

 

Ing Form	To Infinitive
Remember + ing form. Remember something  that has already happened. e.g. I remember visiting Paris 2004.	1-Remember + full infinitive. Remember something before going it. e.g. Did you remember to lock the door before you left ?
Forget + ing form. Forget something that has already happened. e.g. I’ll never forget visiting India.	2-Forget + full infinitive.  Forget something you are supposed to do. e.g. Tome forgot to tell you that he was going away for the weekend.

 

 

 

Form , Meaning and Function

 

Form , Meaning and Function

Tag Question ..

MODAL VERBS...

Examples	Usage	Modals
May I see your passport, please?    (request) May I go to the festival?     (permission)	Request + permission	May
Could I have some more cake?    (request) Could I go to the festival?     (permission) I could climb trees when I was young.    (ability)	Request + permission & ability	Could
Can I have help you?       (request) Can I go to the festival?     (permission) He can ride a motorbike now.  (ability)	Request + permission & ability in present	Can
I haven’t been able to go shopping since last month	Ability in the past	be able to
You have to be physically fit .	Obligation = Necessary in the present & future	Have to
You don’t have to wear special clothing .	It isn’t necessary	Don’t have to
All Muslims must perform Hajj once a life.	Obligation = Necessary in the present & future	Must
You mustn’t take your bike in the park .	Don’t do it	Mustn’t
I need to talk to you.	Necessary	Need to
You don’t need to give me back the money .	It isn’t necessary	Don’t need to
He needn’t buy me a present .	It isn’t necessary	Needn’t

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