Passive voice
I & II .. Module 2 .. Unit 3
: to
emphasize an action rather than who or what is responsible for it …
: verb BE +
Past Participle (V3)
Active:
1 + 2 + 3 /
Passive: 3 + Be + 2 + by + 1 Rule:
|
Passive
|
Active
|
Tenses
|
|
O + Be + V3
+ by + S
|
S + V1 + O
|
Present
Simple
|
|
e.g. The
town is destroyed by the earthquake.
|
e.g. The earthquake destroys the town .
|
|
|
O + Be + V3
+ by + S
|
S + V2 + O
|
Past Simple
|
|
e.g. The
town was destroyed by the earthquake .
|
e.g. The earthquake destroyed the town.
|
|
|
O + Will be
+ V3 + by + S
|
S +
Will + V1 + O
|
Future Will
|
|
e.g. an
email will be sent by him .
|
e.g. He
will send an email .
|
|
|
O + Be +
going to + be + V3 + by + S
|
S + Be +
Going to + V1
|
Future
going to
|
|
e.g. an
email is going to be sent by him .
|
e.g. He is
going to send an email .
|
|
|
O + must be
+ V3 + by + S
|
S + Modal
verbs + V1
|
Modal Verbs
|
|
e.g. an
email must be sent by him .
|
e.g. He
must send an email .
|
|
|
O + have or has + been + V3 + by + S
|
S + have or
has + V3 + O
|
Present
Perfect Simple
|
|
Many
schools have been built by the government .
|
e.g. The government has built many schools
in recent years.
|
|
|
O + had +
been + V3 + by + S
|
S + had +
V3 + O
|
Past
Perfect Simple
|
|
Many schools
had been built by the government .
|
e.g. The government had built many schools
in recent years.
|
|
|
O + will +
have + been + V3 + by + S
|
S +
will + have + V3 + O
|
Future
Perfect Simple
|
|
Many
schools will have been built by the government .
|
e.g. The government will has built many
schools in recent years.
|
|
O + Be +
being + V3 + by + S
|
S + Be +
verb + ing + O
BE ( is /
are / am )
|
Present
Progressive
|
|
e.g. Anew
school is being built by them .
|
e.g. They
are building a new school .
|
|
|
O + Be +
being + V3 + by + S
|
S + Be +
verb + ing + O
BE ( was /
were )
|
Past
Progressive
|
|
e.g. A
story was being written by him .
|
e.g. He was
writing a story .
|
|
|
O + hate +
being + V3
|
S + hate +
verb + ing + O
Verbs of
emotions ))
Like,
dislike, love, hate, want, need, prefer. etc.
|
Ing Form
|
|
e.g. I hate being stared at .
|
e.g. I hate
people staring at me .
|
|
|
O + need +
to + be + V3+ by +S
|
S + need +
to + V1 + O
( V1 + full
infinitive )
|
Present
Infinitive
|
|
e.g. This
work needs to be finished by them .
|
e.g. They
need to finish this work .
|
|
|
O + could +
have + been + V3 + by + S
|
S + could +
have + V1
( Bare
infinitive + have )
|
Perfect
Infinitive
|
|
e.g. The
tickets could have been bought by him .
|
e.g. He
could have bought the tickets earlier .
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